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British record labels
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This is just a selection of the companies producing 78 shellac records during the first half of the 20th. century.
| Aco | Vocalion’s label from 1922/3 until 1927 |
| Actuelle | Owned by Pathé Frères Pathéphone. Issued from September 1921 to December 1928. |
| Ariel | Belonged to J.G.Graves Ltd., a Sheffield mail-order store. Often pressed by Zonophone, Columbia or Parlophone, usually under concealing names. Foundered by 1937. |
| Bluebird | A cheap label owned by Victor. |
| Broadcast | 8 inch Broadcast with red, white and gold label and electrical recording by the Marconi process was introduced by Vocalion in 1927 and manufactured at Hayes in Middlesex. Broadcast Super-Twelve was a 10 inch with a tiny pale pink, orange, white and gold label from1929, with the playing time of a typical 12 inch record and a gold and bright red label from 1931. The 8 inch retailed at 1/3d. Artistes included Sandy Powell, Leslie Sarony and Marius B. Winter. |
| Brunswick | Launched in October 1923 by Chappells, it was taken over in 1927 by British Brunswick. In December 1930, Warner Bros acquired the label. In June 1933 Decca purchased it, and finally phased it out in about 1967. |
| Capitol | US label. Associated with the Decca company in the UK. |
| Columbia | One of the big ones, along with HMV and (later) Decca. |
| Crown | Replaced Eclipse in 1935. First records in September. Nine inch with tiny navy blue label. Produced by Crystalate. Decca bought Crystalate in 1937. Crown records were discontinued in March 1937. |
| Crystalate | Large company controlling several subsidiaries including Imperial, Eclipse and Rex Labels. |
| Decca | Bright blue and gold label introduced in 1929. The Decca name was lost at a takeover in 1980. |
| Dominion | Poor shellac quality meant high surface noise. Plain white label. October 1928 until July1930. |
| Duophone | Launched December 1925 with deep purple label. Used notable US performers under pseudonyms. Ended in May 1930. |
| Durium | Durium products (G.B.) Ltd., of Slough, introduced cardboard disc in April 1932. Easily bent or cracked, few still survive. Went off market in autumn 1933. |
| Eclipse | Eight inch format launched by Crystalate in April 1931 to challenge Broadcast and Radio. Sold for 6d. at Woolworths until July 1935, when replaced by Crown. Good recording but poor wear quality. Often had well-known artistes under pseudonyms. |
| Edison Bell Radio | Edison Bell 8 inch, introduced February 1928 as rival to Broadcast. Navy blue label until summer 1931, when it became gold. Production ceased April 1932. Featured some well known artistes under synonyms. Advertised for “silent surface - finest artists - wonderful wear” and “in a class by themselves.” Retailed at 1/3d. |
| Electron | Edison Bell label from 1927 until 1930. |
| Embassy | Cheap label mainly sold in Woolworths in 1950s and 60s |
| Guardsman | First appeared in 1914. Ended May 1928. Magenta label with gold letttering, replaced by white and gold label during 20s. |
| HMV | His Master’s Voice, The Gramophone Company Ltd. |
| Horizon | Topic Records - an independent UK label |
| Imperial | Launched by Crystalate in 1920. Survived until 1934, when Rex took over. Crystalate ran Imperial and Eclipse Labels simultaneously. |
| London | American recordings of 1950s |
| Metropole | Began in April 1928 and lasted about two years. Label depicted Big Ben and had motto: “A striking record.” |
| MGM | EMI's move into American label licenses came in 1946 with MGM, a label now owned by Polygram. The company's long term licence with RCA Victor finally ended in 1957 but not before HMV had been able to release the first records by an up-and-coming young man from Memphis, Elvis Aaron Presley. |
| Mood Music | Francis Day and Hunter Organisation label recorded by EMI |
| Nixa | Pye popular label from 1950s |
| Odeon | When Columbia bought The Carl Lindström company in Germany in the 1920's, it acquired two labels Odeon and Parlophone. |
| Oriole | 1950s label associated with Mercury |
| Panachord | A Decca-owned label in 1930s. Record jacket had the text: "Panachord Records for Gaiety and Romance. Made by DECCA." |
| Parlophone | Started as Parlophon in Germany in 1922 by Carl Lindström. Acquired by Columbia in 1927. |
| Perfect | Owned by Pathé Frères Pathéphone. Issued record from December 1927 to December 1928. |
| Philips | Popular label from the 1950s |
| Phoenix | Acoustic Music Hall recording label |
| Piccadilly | Metropole’s cheaper label, launched April 1928 and lasting until April 1932. Price was 1/6d. Tommy Handley made several records for them. |
| Pioneer | Pioneer Record Co., London. Acoustic music hall recordings. Red label with gold lettering. |
| Plaza | An eight inch disc issued by British Homophone in 1933, lasting until July 1935. Rapid surface wear. Heavily disguised artistes included Charlie Kunz. |
| Polygon | English label from the 1950s |
| Pye | Label for vinyl 78s of the 1950s onwards |
| Radio | Edison Bell 8 inch, introduced February 1928 as rival to Broadcast. Navy blue label until summer 1931, when it became gold. Production ceased April 1932. Advertised for “silent surface - finest artists - wonderful wear” and “in a class by themselves.” Retailed at 1/3d. |
| RCA | Radio Corporation of America |
| RCA Victor | See Victor |
| Regal | Columbia’s cheaper label from April 1914 until 1931 when Gramophone Company merged with Columbia to form EMI. Functioned independently until end of 1932, when Regal-Zonophone was introduced. |
| Regal Zonophone | Introduced in 1932 with matt red and green label, changed in 1935 to red and gold. In 1935 Gracie Fields insisted on recording on the company's cut-price Regal-Zonophone label, because, as the then Chairman explained, she wanted to give her public "which is so largely provincial and poor an opportunity to buy her records." |
| Rex | Crystalate launched this in September 1933. Later acquired by Decca, and discontinued in February 1948. |
| Scala | Early acoustic music hall records |
| Sterno | Launched in 1926 by W.D.Sternberg, boss of British Homophone Co. Ltd. Red and gold label with Union Jack. “Boxy” sound, perhaps because of non-standard equalisation curve accentuating bass. Advertised as The Supertone Record; Every Record a Celebrity. Artistes included Mantovani and his Tipica Band, Percival Mackey, Rudy Starita and Oscar Rabin Demise in May 1935. |
| Topic | An independent UK label of the 1950s |
| Twin | Published records with yellow label in 1930s but had them manufactured by "Dum Dum". Possibly related to Regal as matrix numbers included initials CAR. |
| Victor | Linked to HMV in UK. |
| Victory | Launched by Crystalate in 1928 as seven inch electrical recording. Often featured established performers such as Cavan O'Connor under different names. Low durability and high surface noise. |
| Victrola | Early HMV label of Victor Taking Machine Co. |
| Vocalion | Abandoned upper end of market in 1927, discontinuing 10 and 12 inch Vocalion and Aco labels. Introduced new 8 inch Broadcast with red, white and gold label and electrical recording by the Marconi process in 1927. |
| Vogue Coral | 1950s pop music label |
| Winner | Edison Bell launched “The Winner” in 1912. Became “Winner” in early 20s. Put up for auction by receiver in 1933. Bought by Decca, who discarded it in 1935. |
| Zonophone | HMV’s cheaper label 1903-1931 when Gramophone Company merged with Columbia to form EMI. Functioned independently until end of 1932, when Regal-Zonophone was introduced. |